Understanding Genetic Testing for Breast Cancer
If you have a family history of breast cancer, you may be concerned about your risk of developing the disease. Luckily, there are steps you can take to better understand your risk, including genetic testing.
What is Genetic Testing?
Genetic testing is a type of medical test that examines your DNA to look for changes or mutations that might indicate an increased risk of certain diseases, including breast cancer. By examining your DNA, healthcare professionals can identify changes that might not be visible otherwise.
It's important to note that genetic testing can't tell you definitively whether or not you will develop breast cancer. Rather, it can indicate your likelihood of developing the disease.
Why is Genetic Testing Important for Breast Cancer?
Genetic testing is an important tool in the fight against breast cancer because it can offer individuals important insight into their risk of developing the disease. By knowing whether you have a genetic mutation that increases your risk, you can take steps to manage your risk and potentially catch the disease early.
For example, women who test positive for a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation – two genetic mutations associated with an increased risk of breast cancer – may choose to undergo a risk-reducing mastectomy, which can lower their risk of developing the disease. Additionally, individuals who know they have an increased risk may choose to undergo increased screening, including more frequent mammograms and clinical breast exams.
Who Should Consider Genetic Testing?
Genetic testing for breast cancer is typically recommended for individuals who have a strong family history of the disease or who have been diagnosed with the disease at a young age. In general, individuals who have a first-degree relative with breast cancer – such as a mother or sister – are considered to have a higher-than-average risk of developing the disease.
However, it's important to note that even individuals without a family history of the disease can benefit from genetic testing. In fact, it's estimated that up to 10% of all breast cancer cases are hereditary.
What to Expect During Genetic Testing
If you're considering genetic testing for breast cancer, it's important to talk to your healthcare professional about your options. They can help you determine if testing is right for you and what type of testing you should undergo.
In general, genetic testing for breast cancer involves a blood or saliva sample, which is then sent to a laboratory for analysis. Depending on the type of testing you undergo, results can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks to receive.
It's important to note that genetic testing can be expensive, and not all insurance companies cover the cost. However, there are often options for financial assistance, and some labs may offer reduced fees depending on your income.
What to Do With Your Results
Receiving the results of genetic testing can be a complex and emotional process. If you test positive for a genetic mutation associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, it's important to discuss your options with your healthcare professional.
They can help you determine what steps to take next, including increased surveillance and/or risk-reducing surgeries. They can also provide emotional support and resources to help you cope with the diagnosis.
It's important to note that receiving a negative result – meaning you don't carry a genetic mutation associated with an increased risk of breast cancer – doesn't mean you're guaranteed to never develop the disease. It simply means your likelihood is lower than average.
Conclusion
Genetic testing for breast cancer is an important tool that can offer individuals crucial insight into their risk of developing the disease. By knowing your risk, you can take steps to manage it and potentially catch the disease early.
If you're considering genetic testing for breast cancer, it's important to speak with your healthcare professional about your options. They can help you determine what type of testing is right for you and provide support throughout the testing process.